LOPER BRIGHT ENTERPRISES, ET AL., PETITIONERS v. GINA RAIMONDO, SECRETARY OF COMMERCE, ET AL.; RELENTLESS, INC., ET AL., PETITIONERS v. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, ET AL. , 144 S. Ct. 2244

Summary

HOLDINGS: [1]-Chevron, U.S.A., Inc. v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc., 467 U.S. 837 (1984), is overruled. Courts must exercise their independent judgment in deciding whether an agency has acted within its statutory authority, as the APA requires. Chevron deference precludes courts from exercising the judicial power vested in them by Article III to say what the law is. The only way to ensure that the law will not merely change erratically, but will develop in a principled and intelligible fashion, is to leave Chevron behind; [2]-Stare decisis, the doctrine governing judicial adherence, to precedent, does not require the Court to persist in the Chevron project. The stare decisis considerations most relevant here—the quality of the precedent’s reasoning, the workability of the rule it established, and reliance on the decision—all weigh in favor of letting Chevron go.